Renaisans Karoling adalah peristiwa pertama dari tiga , sebuah periode kegiatan budaya di Kekaisaran Karoling. Ini terjadi pada masa Abad Pertengahan Awal dari akhir abad ke-8 sampai abad ke-9, yang terinspirasi dari Kekaisaran Kristen Romawi dari abad keempat. Pada periode ini, terdapat peningkatan sastra, , seni rupa, arsitektur, yurisprudensi, reformasi liturgi, dan kajian .
![image](https://www.wikiquery.id-id.nina.az/image/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cud2lraXF1ZXJ5LmlkLWlkLm5pbmEuYXovaW1hZ2UvYUhSMGNITTZMeTkxY0d4dllXUXVkMmxyYVcxbFpHbGhMbTl5Wnk5M2FXdHBjR1ZrYVdFdlkyOXRiVzl1Y3k5MGFIVnRZaTlpTDJKa0wwMXBiblZ6WTNWc1pWOWpZWEp2YkdsdVpTNXFjR2N2TWpJd2NIZ3RUV2x1ZFhOamRXeGxYMk5oY205c2FXNWxMbXB3Wnc9PS5qcGc=.jpg)
Catatan
Referensi
Kutipan
Daftar pustaka
- Allen, Larry (2009), "Carolingian Reform", The Encyclopedia of Money, Sta. Barbara: ABC Clio, hlm. 59–60, ISBN .
- (1993). The Civilization of the Middle Ages: a completely revised and expanded edition of Medieval history, the life and death of a civilization. HarperCollins. ISBN .
- Chambers, Mortimer; et al. (1983), The Western Experience to 1715 (edisi ke-3rd), New York: Alfred A. Knopf, ISBN .
- Chown, John F (1994), A History of Money from AD 800, London: Routledge, ISBN .
- Contreni, John G. (1984), "The Carolingian Renaissance", Renaissances before the Renaissance: cultural revivals of late antiquity and the Middle Ages.
- Ferguson, Wallace K. (1974), "Money and Coinage of the Age of Erasmus: An Historical and Analytical Glossary with Particular Reference to France, the Low Countries, England, the Rhineland, and Italy", The Correspondence of Erasmus: Letters 1 to 141: 1484 to 1500, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, hlm. 311–349, ISBN .
- Grier, James (Spring 2003), "Ademar de Chabannes, Carolingian Musical Practices, and "Nota Romana", Journal of the American Musicological Society, 56 (1), hlm. 43–98.
- Innes, M. (1997), "The classical tradition in the Carolingian Renaissance: Ninth-century encounters with Suetonius", International Journal of the Classical Tradition.
- Munro, John H. (2012), "The Technology and Economics of Coinage Debasements in Medieval and Early Modern Europe: With Special Reference to the Low Countries and England", Money in the Pre-Industrial World: Bullion, Debasements, and Coin Substitutes, Pickering & Chatto, republished 2016 by Routledge, hlm. 30 ff, ISBN .
- Nelson, Janet L. (1986), "On the limits of the Carolingian renaissance", Politics and Ritual in Early Medieval Europe.
- Scott, Martin (1964), Medieval Europe, New York: Dorset Press, ISBN .
- Suchodolski, Stanislaw (1983), "On the Rejection of Good Coin in Carolingian Europe", Studies in Numismatic Method: Presented to Philip Grierson, : Cambridge University Press, hlm. 147–152, ISBN .
- (1943), "Renaissance or Prenaissance?", Journal of the History of Ideas, No. 4, hlm. 65 ff.
- Trompf, G.W. (1973), "The concept of the Carolingian Renaissance", Journal of the History of Ideas, hlm. 3 ff.